Searching for a specific blog post? Try here:

How to start a farm business as an 18-year-old with a vehicle and a part time job

If you want to get started farming, I recommend selling chickens.  First, go get a job in retail or sales or something that has regular hours and isn't a big mental commitment for you so you can spend all your time thinking about farming.  You'll make way more money than you're going to as a farmer any time soon, so you will learn if you really want to farm or not.  Find someone who will let you use their land for free.  You don't need all that much land to raise a single batch 25 Cornish Cross chickens.  A large backyard would do.  Do not pay rent.  You are going to be depositing valuable chicken manure on that property.  People pay very good money for this stuff.  Assume a 4x feed conversion ratio and set your price at 2x your variable costs, not counting labor.  If you don't understand variable cost, get a book on financial accounting and use it.  Pre-sell your chickens before you order chicks from the hatchery, move them at least once a day once they're in the coop, and figure out before you start how you're going to handle processing. You can brood your first birds indoors in a modified cardboard box.  

I think meat chickens are the single best way to get started farming.  Once you've raised some chickens, you can scale up or branch out into something else.  Try to build mobile coops that are versatile so you can use them for other things.  I strongly advise against starting out a farm business by growing vegetables.  You need your own land or a multi-year lease to farm vegetables, otherwise you are just spending a lot of money improving someone else's garden.  Vegetable farming is also not a sustainable business model.  Only rich people buy vegetables.  Poor people grow their own.  No offense to our vegetable farmer friends, but Americans have the illusion that we are rich.  That is changing.

I am also against working for other farmers when you first start out.  Working for a successful, knowledgeable, established farmer is a great way to learn how all of that works on their farm.  It may have absolutely nothing to do with what works for you in your situation.  Either you will figure out how to be successful, or you will fail. Either result has value. You will learn way more by fixing your own problems or failing than by having someone else teach you how to avoid failure.  Whatever you do, don't be an intern.  If you are going to work for another farmer, do it for the money.  This is another reason to start out on your own at first.  Once you have some experience overcoming farming catastrophes of your own, you are worth more and can negotiate a higher wage, which will help you save up to invest in your own farm business. You will also know enough to know what you don’t know, which helps a lot in learning from someone else.

Maybe you will decide farming isn't for you after you raise a few batches of chickens.  Having a small business failure could be a major plus in the job market.  Make sure you keep records so you can show what you did and what happened if you decide that farming is not for you and you want to go into the trades or some other productive endeavor.  The number of other 19-year olds who have put together a business plan, produced something with their own labor, and sold it, profit or loss, is basically zero.  So give it a try.  Worst case, you can buy yourself a used chest freezer as long as wherever you're living has a spare electrical circuit, and you'll be able to eat plenty of great chicken for a long time.  

Vegetarian diets are not sustainable

Follow the money

There is always a lot of talk in the media about meat being unsustainable. Well-promoted books and articles profess the idea that a meatless diet uses fewer resources and is more ecologically sound than more balanced alimentation.

This is all nonsense, much of it paid for by investment funds that plan to make money selling processed “vegetable” products at a substantial markup to the real cost. Nobody ought to be forced to eat meat if they don’t want to. I didn’t eat meat or fish for seven years, and our family still abstains from meat about once a week. But it’s simply false to claim that a “vegetarian” or “vegan” diet is in any way better for the environment.

“Corporate” agriculture is not sustainable

The fact is that agribusiness is irresponsibly wasteful of natural and civic resources and harmful to the environment. Most farmers care deeply about their local ecologies and the quality of food they produce, but their hands are often tied by usurious agriculture conglomerates. A vast, monocrop field of corn or soybeans contains less species diversity than a desert or an arctic tundra. The agribusiness operations that produce these crops are strip-mining invaluable soil resources and depositing toxic chemicals into local watersheds. There is nothing sustainable about a “veggie burger”. Not only are the crop inputs farmed in a manner that destroys natural resources, but after harvest they have to be processed in a factory that uses even more chemical pollutants!

“Organic” farming is no panacea, because Federal regulations allow large scale monocrop farming with hazardous chemicals to qualify for an “organic” label. What your local, small scale, beyond-organic vegetable farmer calls “organic” and what a multinational agribusiness calls “organic” really aren’t comparable, but current regulations (heavily influenced by industry lobbyists) lump together these very different practices.

It’s true that animals raised in confinement tend to be unhealthy and that feedlots and other such operations may have problems managing the vast amounts of manure they generate in far too small a space. They’re probably unsustainable. However, that waste manure does at least have fertilizer value, which is more than you can say for the remnants of a post-harvest field of glyphosate-engineered corn.

What a “sustainable diet” really means

Grass is pretty sustainable. It even grows well in places that aren’t able to grow other things like cucumbers or potatoes. In fact, grass tends to be pretty much one of the first volunteer species to grow in a patch of bare dirt. Grass roots help keep topsoil from eroding and, year after year, the grass itself adds more organic matter and fertility to the soil. Some of the most fertile soils worldwide were formed from grass decomposing year over year.

Humans can’t eat grass, but ruminant animals can. Traditional diets all over the world have often relied on animals that can eat grass. Grass grows on ground that can’t otherwise be sustainably (or even efficiently) farmed and feeds animals that provide meat and milk. Those animals, through the very process of grazing, add nutrients to the soil that help the grass to grow even more. All with 100 percent solar energy.

If you look at a herd of ruminants in nature, it’s always surrounded by a lot of birds which eat the insects that follow the herd. Chickens and other poultry can help fill this role on sustainable farms. Hogs, goats, and other foragers roam the forests and woody edges of grazing pastures, clearing weeds and brambles that if left untended would both diminish pasture forage and choke off forest growth. The animal herds and flocks move frequently, rather than exhausting any one particular area of forage. The various forages, given time to rest, use the nutrients from animal manure and regrow in time for future grazing. This is a self-sustaining, holistic system.

“Sustainable” means something that has lasted the test of time, not a fad backed by financial speculators and corporate advertisers.

For almost all of human history, people have filled most of their nutritional needs with either meat or seafood. They ate the whole animal, including cartilage, organs, fat, and broth from the bones. Fruits and vegetables were picked and eaten fresh in season, or preserved through fermentation; not shipped halfway around the world. Farmers practiced crop rotation, not just with vegetable crops but also with animals, by allowing animals to forage in a field after harvest, or by keeping a field as fallow pasture every few years, or even perhaps unintentionally through the practice of swidden farming.

There’s a common historical myth that our ancestors ate mostly bread or porridge. This kind of mathematically impossible nonsense could only be propounded by people who don’t know how to cook, or who perhaps are being paid to promote unsubstantiated conjecture as historical fact. The fact is, as anyone knows who has done some home baking, that the amount of flour in a large loaf of bread (enough to make you feel sick if you eat the whole thing) doesn’t contain enough calories to sustain an active adult for a single day. Likewise oatmeal is a common “diet food” for a reason. It is risible to suggest that meat wasn’t widely available in the past and a common part of everyone’s diet, or that people working at hard manual labor outdoors all day were subsisting on bowls of porridge. Those who were enslaved and forced to work on such a diet developed diseases of malnutrition such as pellagra and quickly died. The ubiquity of meat in normal ancestral diets is illustrated by the prominent role given to abstaining from meat for religious reasons, which in a socioreligious context only makes sense if such abstention requires a meaningful change in diet. We can also see evidence of the widespread everyday consumption of meat in pre-modern times by looking at records of army rations, which pretty much universally consisted of roughly equal amounts of bread and meat by weight. In fact, if one simply adds up the amount of meat included in published accounts of historical daily rations, it’s obvious that claims that “today we’re eating more meat than ever before” are the ravings of the historically illiterate and arithmetically retarded.

Ignore food fads and marketing gimmicks. Eat like your great, great, great, great, great, great, great, great, great grandparents did.

Some well-financed people have been trying to sell us the idea that the kind of holistic food system that has lasted for thousands of years is “unsustainable”, that monocrop latifundia are a historically sustainable means of agriculture (rather than strongly correlating with civilizational collapse), and that we all need to stop eating meat and purchase processed textured vegetable proteins in conveniently branded packages made palatable with chemical flavorings.

These unscrupulous frauds don’t care about you, they don’t care about the environment, and they don’t care that they’re selling a lie. All they care about is their bottom line, to which your personal buying power is inconsequential.

Your local family farmer cares about you, your health, your local community, and your local environment, because your local farmer’s success depends on your continued business — and they live here, too.

The new fad is to claim that the “sustainable” meat of the future will be made from insect protein. Just like the “veggie” scam, there is a lot of well-connected financial capital going into investing in this industry. There’s certainly nothing wrong with eating insects if you enjoy doing so, but basic math and simple common sense tells us these claims are nonsense. The insect proteins these charlatans are trying to sell are made from insects raised predominantly on conventional feed mixes, often food waste products from other food production processes. (So, “garbage”.) None of these insect species are really any more efficient than a chicken at converting feed to protein; most are less so. Since none of these corporations plans to simply serve field-caught chili-fried crickets as a snack, after producing the insects using an equivalent amount of feed as any other CAFO operation, they then have to use far more resources, including powered machinery and industrial chemicals, in order to transform the insect protein into whatever form of processed mystery glop they plan to sell it as. It’s all nonsense: rather than being a viable means of regenerative, sustainable food production, this plan is full of bugs.